depression, anxiety, PTSD), milder mental health concerns may plausibly be treated by lower, recurring doses. As full-dose psychedelics appear to aide in the relief of severe, chronic psychiatric conditions (e.g. Psychedelics can also increase openness and occasion mystical-type experiences in healthy controls.
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Despite continued prohibition, modern research has revealed the promising potential of LSD and psilocybin for treating alcohol and tobacco dependence, depression, and end-of-life anxiety, while related research on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has shown great promise for treating post-traumatic stress disorder.
![focus magic 4 focus magic 4](https://img.patoghu.com/93/Mehr/6/Focus-Magic.jpg)
While more than a thousand early studies linked psychedelic use with beneficial effects, there was a 40-year pause on psychedelic research following the prohibition of these substances. The present study aims to provide a data-driven taxonomy describing the positive and negative experiences reported by microdosers from an open-ended analysis of microdosing-specific outcomes, summarizing high-potential avenues for focused experimental investigations. As such, beginning with an open, exploratory approach could result in a better understanding of the potential benefits and challenges specific to microdosing. While full-dose psychedelic research is growing in prominence and outcomes from full-dose studies can certainly inform microdosing studies, focusing solely on known full-dose outcomes could result in missing unanticipated benefits and challenges specific to microdosing. Initial scientific investigations of microdosing are just beginning (Rosenbaum D, Weissman C, Hapke E, Hui K, Petranker R, Dinh-Williams L-A, et al.: Microdosing psychedelic substances: demographics, psychiatric comorbidities, and comorbid substance use, in preparation) and future directions remain unclear. This public interest speaks to a social need for scientific studies to inform the public about the effects of microdosing. Online microdosing communities have grown to the tens of thousands with more than 40,000 users subscribing to the /r/microdosing subreddit (/r/microdosing subreddit, Reddit Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA). The number of popular media accounts and book-length treatments of microdosing has been growing. LSD, psilocybin) and has recently grown in popularity. The practice of microdosing psychedelics involves ingesting sub-hallucinogenic amounts of a psychedelic substance (e.g. This framework aims to inform researchers and clinicians as experimental microdosing research begins in earnest in the years to come. Microdosing research complements the full-dose literature as clinical treatments are developed and neuropharmacological mechanisms are sought. The MDBC taxonomy reported here informs future research, leveraging participant reports to distil the highest-potential intervention targets so research funding can be efficiently allocated. These mixed-methods results help summarize and frame the experiences reported by an active microdosing community as high-potential avenues for future scientific research. We probe for substance-dependent differences, finding that psilocybin-only users report the benefits of microdosing were more important than other users report. We also show parallels between benefits and drawbacks and discuss the implications of these results. We describe novel findings, both in terms of beneficial outcomes, such as improved mood (26.6%) and focus (14.8%), and in terms of challenging outcomes, such as physiological discomfort (18.0%) and increased anxiety (6.7%). In the present study, we develop a codebook of microdosing benefits and challenges (MDBC) based on the qualitative reports of a real-world sample of 278 microdosers.
![focus magic 4 focus magic 4](http://mehetszsitzt.fun/eczgz/VuiG42OATf8.jpeg)
There has been limited reporting on adverse events associated with microdosing, and the experiences of microdosers in community samples have not been categorized. According to media reports, microdosing has grown in popularity, yet the scientific literature contains minimal research on this practice. Microdosing psychedelics is the practice of consuming very low, sub-hallucinogenic doses of a psychedelic substance, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) or psilocybin-containing mushrooms.